Are you curious about Hawthorn Trees? These remarkable trees have a rich history and fascinating characteristics that make them truly captivating. In this article, we’ll delve into the world of Hawthorn Trees, exploring their symbolism, identification, and different types. Join us on this journey of discovery!
Hawthorn Tree Facts: Unearthing Curiosities
Let’s start with some intriguing facts about Hawthorn Trees:
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The Strength of Crataegus: The name “Crataegus” comes from the Greek word ‘Kratos’ meaning strong. This genus was officially recognized in 1753.
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Rhaphiolepis and Hawthorns: Another related genus, Rhaphiolepis, includes several species commonly referred to as Hawthorns.
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The Berry-Like “Haw”: The fruit of the Hawthorn Tree is often called a “haw.”
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Edible Fruits, Beware of Seeds: Hawthorn fruits are edible and can be used in tea, jelly, and wine. However, the seeds contain small amounts of cyanide and are not recommended for consumption.
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Hawthorn Trees in European History: Native European species like the English Hawthorn have been used for hedging for centuries. They were so widespread that they even caused interference during the 1944 Invasion of Normandy in World War II.
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Cardiovascular Remedy: Hawthorn has a long history of use in remedies for cardiovascular ailments. It has demonstrated effectiveness in increasing blood flow and circulation.
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A Tobacco Alternative: The leaves of Hawthorn Trees can be used as a nicotine-free alternative to tobacco.
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Food for Wildlife: Hawthorn Tree fruits are essential in the diet of small animals like birds, squirrels, raccoons, and even larger mammals like deer.
Hawthorn Tree Symbolism: Tales from the Past
Hawthorn Trees have a rich symbolism steeped in history and mythology. Let’s explore some of the fascinating tales associated with these trees:
According to legend, Joseph of Arimathea, a follower of Jesus Christ, is said to have buried Jesus’ body. It is believed that Joseph traveled to Britain carrying the blood and sweat of Jesus. He supposedly plunged his walking staff into the ground, and by morning, it had taken root. This tree, known as Crataegus monogyna ‘Biflora,’ became the Miraculous Tree or the “Holy Thorn of Glastonbury.” It was revered for its supernatural powers and associated with the rise of Christianity in Britain. Even today, descendants of the original Hawthorn Tree can be found in Glastonbury.
Hawthorns also feature prominently in Celtic and Gaelic mythology. These trees were believed to house faeries and were therefore considered sacred and protected from harm. In medieval times, the unpleasant odor of Hawthorn flowers was thought to be an omen of death and ill luck.
Hawthorn Tree Identification: Know Your Hawthorn
Identifying Hawthorn Trees can be an exciting adventure. Let’s explore some key characteristics that can help you identify these remarkable trees:
Hawthorn Tree Leaves
Hawthorn Trees exhibit a variety of leaf shapes and characteristics. Some species, like C. monogyna and C. orientalis, have deeply cut leaves with 5 or more lobes. Others, such as C. crus-galli, have oval leaves that taper to a point with serrated margins. All Hawthorn Tree leaves are simple, arranged alternately, and deciduous.
Hawthorn Tree Flowers
The flowers of the Crataegus genus resemble those of Apple Trees and Pear Trees. They are small, symmetrical, and white, although some cultivars have pink or red flowers. Each blossom has 5 petals and 5 sepals. These fragrant flowers bloom in May and are typically clustered on umbels or corymbs.
Hawthorn Berries (Fruit)
Although known as “berries,” Hawthorn fruits are not true berries but instead resemble apples. The haw, or fruit of the Hawthorn Tree, is a fleshy pome that houses between one and five small seeds. The ripe fruit is usually vivid red but can be brown or black in certain species. These “berries” are beloved by small animals, birds in particular, and insects. Hawthorn fruit has been used for culinary and medicinal purposes.
Hawthorn Tree Seeds
Hawthorn Tree seeds are small and hard-shelled. They typically appear in groups of 2 to 5 seeds per fruit, although some species have single-seeded fruit. While the fruit is edible and generally palatable, the seeds are poisonous and should not be consumed.
Exploring the Types of Hawthorn Trees
The Crataegus genus comprises hundreds of different species of trees, making it a vast and fascinating group to explore. With their distinct features, such as 5-petaled flower clusters, small red fruits resembling tiny apples, and thorny bark and branches, Hawthorn Trees are relatively easy to identify. However, distinguishing between the various types can be a more significant challenge. In this section, we will delve into many of the most common, prominent, and interesting species of Hawthorn Trees, with a special focus on North American natives.
Let us embark on this journey of discovery and unravel the wonders of Hawthorn Trees!
Image Source: 8 Billion Trees
